Key Facts about PCOS

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder among women that develops during their childbearing years (ages 15 to 44). Its signs and symptoms often manifest around the time an adolescent female has her first menstrual period. In some cases, PCOS develops later in life, for example, when triggered by substantial weight gain.

While the exact cause of PCOS is unknown, there are several possible contributory factors. These include excess insulin, low-grade inflammation, heredity, and excess androgen (male hormones).

SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS

Signs and symptoms vary, but are typically more severe in obese women. A doctor makes a diagnosis of PCOS when a woman experiences at least two of these signs:

1. Infrequent, irregular or prolonged menstrual cycles
2. Excess levels of androgen. This may manifest as excess facial and body hair (hirsutism), severe acne and male-pattern baldness.
3. Polycystic ovaries. Enlarged, multiple follicles that surround the eggs develop, which may result in the ovaries failing to function regularly.

See your doctor if you develop these signs and symptoms.

DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT

There is currently no definitive diagnostic test for PCOS. Early diagnosis and treatment coupled with weight loss may lower the risk of long-term complications such as type 2 diabetes and heart disease.

Your doctor will likely discuss your medical history, including your menstrual periods and weight changes. A physical exam will include checking for signs of excess hair growth, insulin resistance and acne.

Your doctor might recommend the following:

• a pelvic exam to check for masses, growths or other abnormalities;
• blood tests to measure your hormone levels, glucose tolerance, fasting cholesterol and triglyceride levels; and
• a transvaginal ultrasound to check your ovaries and uterus.

Consult your doctor about the optimal management of PCOS.

Shop at Watsons for prescription medications and other essential healthcare needs.

References:

https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pcos/symptoms-causes/syc-20353439. Accessed 29 July 2021
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pcos/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353443. Accessed 29 July 2021