ESOPHAGITIS

ESOPHAGITIS

Esophagitis may be caused by several conditions. Often, there could be more than one factor that affects the development of the disease.

 

The muscular tube that transports food through the chest, from the mouth to the stomach, is the esophagus. If the esophagus’s internal lining becomes inflamed, one can suffer pain or swallowing difficulties. This esophageal inflammation is called esophagitis. When this condition is ignored and untreated it can lead to alterations in the structure and function of the esophagus.

TYPES

 

Eosinophilic esophagitis

 

Excessive eosinophils in the esophagus are responsible for eosinophilic esophagitis. This is because the body overreacts to an allergen. This can make eating difficult for children. Some of the most common triggers of eosinophilic esophagitis are:

 

  • Milk
  • Soy
  • Eggs
  • Wheat
  • Peanuts
  • Tree Nuts
  • Shellfish
  • Pollen

 

Reflux esophagitis

The disorder that is known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) typically causes reflux esophagitis. GERD happens to be the contents of the intestine, including acids, sometimes backed up into the esophagus. Chronic inflammation and irritation are results of this.

 

Drug-induced esophagitis

 

When you ingest certain medication without ample water, drug-induced esophagitis might develop.

 

Infectious esophagitis

 

It is rare to have infectious esophagitis. This is caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi, or parasites. If you have a compromised immune system due to illness or medications, you are at higher risk for this type of esophagitis. In individuals with HIV or AIDS, cancer, and diabetes, this type is common.

 

SYMPTOMS

Common signs and symptoms of esophagitis include:

  • Difficult swallowing
  • Painful swallowing
  • Chest pain
  • Food impaction
  • Heartburn
  • Acid regurgitation
  • Sore throat
  • Hoarse voice
  • Decreased appetite

 

Infants with this condition may have difficulty in feeding. Medical attention is required if the infant experience the following symptoms:

  • Shortness of breath
  • Chest pain that occurs even when not eating
  • Inability to eat properly
  • Inability to consume sips of water
  • Fever, headaches, muscle aches

DIAGNOSIS

 

The doctor will ask about your medical history and conduct a physical exam. Some diagnostic tests will also be required:

  • Upper GI series: This comprises X-ray images of your esophagus and stomach as you swallow a barium fluid to reveal the problem areas.
  • Endoscopy: A tiny camera on a thin flexible tube will be inserted to take a look at the insides of your esophagus.
  • Esophageal pH Test: This will help the doctor test for stomach acid.
  • Allergy: Tests for allergies may be performed to determine whether the patient is sensitive to one or more allergens. This may include a skin-prick test, blood test, or elimination diet.

 

TREATMENT

 

Determining the cause of this disease is important because the treatment depends heavily on it. Medications may include:

 

  • antiviral medications
  • antifungal medications
  • antacids
  • pain relievers
  • oral steroids
  • proton pump inhibitors to block stomach acid production

 

This disease is highly preventable by simple measures:

  • Avoid heavy meals, particularly before bedtime
  • Quit smoking and alcohol
  • Avoid large amounts of caffeine
  • Avoid spicy foods
  • Avoid allergens
  • Avoid consuming too much high-fat food
  • Take smaller bites
  • Maintain a healthy weight
  • Take your medications with sufficient water
  • Do not lie down immediately after meals

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