HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME (HPS)

Overview & Facts

  • A lung infection caused by viruses found in the saliva, urine, and droppings of some rodents.
    • Rare but can be deadly
  • Infection can be acquired by:
    • Breathing in tiny airborne particles that come from rodent urine.
    • Touching rodent urine, saliva, or droppings.
    • Coming in contact with dust contaminated with the virus.
    • Being bitten by an infected mouse.

Types & Symptoms

Symptoms usually start 2 to 3 weeks after virus exposure. Early symptoms may include:

  • A fever and chills
  • Muscle aches and headache
  • Fatigue
  • Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and belly pain

After a few days, more serious symptoms such as:

  • Shortness of breath
  • Coughing
  • A fast heartbeat and fast breathing

After a person with HPS starts having trouble breathing, he or she may die within hours. Most deaths occur within 1 to 2 days after severe breathing problems. About 4 out of 10 people who get HPS do not survive.

Diagnosis & Medications

DIAGNOSIS

  • Physician may do/request:
    • History & Physical Exam
  • Other additional tests such as:
    • Chest X-rays
    • Complete blood count
    • Oxygen saturation test

 

RECOMMENDED MEDICATIONS

HPS requires treatment in a hospital right away, even if the case is mild. You will get treatment to support you through the illness, such as intravenous (IV) fluids and medicines. You may need a ventilator to help you breathe.

  • People who survive the illness usually recover quickly. Most are able to leave the hospital after 7 days.

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