HALLUX VALGUS

SYMPTOMS

Symptoms of Hallux valgus include:

• Pain and Discomfort: Individuals may experience pain or tenderness around the bunion, especially when walking or wearing shoes.
• Swelling and Inflammation: The bunion area may become swollen and red due to irritation and inflammation.
• Difficulty Walking: The deviation of the big toe can affect the gait, causing discomfort and difficulty walking normally.
• Restricted Movement: As the deformity progresses, the range of motion in the big toe joint may become limited.

DIAGNOSIS

Hallux valgus, commonly known as a bunion, is a deformity of the big toe joint. It occurs when the big toe deviates outward towards the other toes, causing a bony bump to form at the base of the big toe. Diagnosis of hallux valgus typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and possibly imaging studies. Here’s how it’s typically diagnosed:

• Medical History
• Physical Examination
• X-rays

In some cases, other imaging studies such as MRI or CT scans may be ordered to provide additional information, especially if there are concerns about soft tissue damage or if surgery is being considered.

TREATMENT

Treatment for hallux valgus aims to relieve pain, improve foot function, and prevent the progression of the deformity. Depending on the severity of the condition, treatment options may include:

• Conservative Measures:
  • Footwear Modifications: Wearing shoes with a wide toe box and low heels can help alleviate pressure on the bunion and provide comfort.
  • Padding and Splinting: Padded shoe inserts or toe spacers can help cushion the bunion and promote proper toe alignment.
  • Orthotic Devices: Custom-made shoe inserts or orthotic devices may be prescribed to support the foot arch and improve foot mechanics.
• Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroid injections may be recommended to alleviate pain and inflammation associated with bunions.
• Physical Therapy: Specific exercises and stretches may help strengthen the muscles and improve joint mobility in the foot, reducing pain and discomfort.
• Surgical Intervention: In cases where conservative treatments fail to provide relief or the deformity is severe, surgical correction may be considered. Surgical options may include:
  • Bunionectomy: Removal of the bony prominence and realignment of the toe joint.
  • Osteotomy: Cutting and repositioning the bones of the big toe to correct the alignment.
  • Arthrodesis: Fusion of the toe joint to stabilize the deformity.