GLIMEPIRIDE

COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Amaryl

GENERIC NAME(S): GLIMEPIRIDE

 

Description: Glimepiride stimulates the insulin release from pancreatic β-cells and reduces glucose output from the liver. It also increases insulin sensitivity at peripheral target sites.

Duration: 24 hr.

Pharmacokinetics:

Absorption: Completely absorbed from the GI tract. Time to peak plasma concentration: 2-3 hr.

Distribution: Volume of distribution: 8.8 L. Plasma protein binding: >99.5%.

Metabolism: Extensively metabolised in the liver via oxidation by CYP2C9 isoenzyme to 2 main metabolites.

Excretion: Via urine (approx 60%) and faeces (40%). Half-life: Approx 9 hr.

Glimepiride belongs to the class of drugs known as sulfonylureas that lowers blood sugar by causing the release of your body’s natural insulin. It is used with a proper diet and exercise program to control high blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes. It may also be used with other diabetes medications.

How to use glimepiride

Read the Patient Information Leaflet if available from your pharmacist before you start taking glimepiride and each time you get a refill. If you have any questions, ask your doctor or pharmacist.

Take this medication by mouth with breakfast or the first main meal of the day, as directed by your doctor, usually once daily. The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.

Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time each day.

To reduce your risk of side effects, your doctor may direct you to start this medication at a low dose and gradually increase your dose. Follow your doctor’s instructions carefully.

If you are already taking another anti-diabetic drug (such as chlorpropamide), follow your doctor’s directions carefully for stopping the old drug and starting glimepiride.

Colesevelam can decrease the absorption of glimepiride. If you are taking colesevelam, take glimepiride at least 4 hours before taking colesevelam.

Tell your doctor if your condition does not improve or if it worsens (your blood sugar levels are too high or too low).

If nausea or upset stomach persists or worsens, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly.

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including:

  • yellowing eyes/skin
  • stomach/abdominal pain
  • dark urine
  • unusual tiredness/weakness
  • easy bleeding/bruising
  • signs of infection (such as fever, persistent sore throat)
  • mental/mood changes
  • unusual/sudden weight gain
  • seizures

This medication can cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). To help prevent low blood sugar, eat meals on a regular schedule, and do not skip meals. It is a good habit to carry glucose tablets or gel to treat low blood sugar. If you don’t have these reliable forms of glucose, rapidly raise your blood sugar by eating a quick source of sugar such as table sugar, honey, or candy, or drink fruit juice or non-diet soda. Tell your doctor immediately about the reaction and the use of this product. Check with your doctor or pharmacist to find out what you should do if you miss a meal.

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, get medical help right away if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction, including:

  • rash
  • itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat)
  • severe dizziness
  • trouble breathing

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Precautions

Before taking glimepiride, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies. Talk to your pharmacist for more details.

Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of:

  • liver disease
  • kidney disease
  • thyroid disease
  • certain hormonal conditions (adrenal/pituitary insufficiency, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone-SIADH)
  • electrolyte imbalance (hyponatremia)

You may experience blurred vision, dizziness, or drowsiness due to extremely low or high blood sugar levels.

Limit alcohol while taking this medication because it can increase your risk of developing low blood sugar.

It may be harder to control your blood sugar when your body is stressed (such as due to fever, infection, injury, or surgery). Consult your doctor because this may require a change in your treatment plan, medications, or blood sugar testing.

This medication may make you more sensitive to the sun. Use a sunscreen and wear protective clothing when outdoors.

Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).

Older adults may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially low blood sugar.

During pregnancy, this medication should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor.

Pregnancy may cause or worsen diabetes. Discuss a plan with your doctor for managing your blood sugar while pregnant. Your doctor may change your diabetes treatment during your pregnancy (such as diet and medications including insulin).

It is unknown if this medication passes into breast milk. However, similar drugs pass into breast milk. Breast-feeding while using this medication is not recommended. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

 

Interactions

Many drugs can affect your blood sugar levels, making it more difficult to control your blood sugar. Before you start, stop, or change any medication, talk with your doctor or pharmacist about how the medication may affect your blood sugar. Check your blood sugar levels regularly as directed by your doctor. Your doctor may need to adjust your anti-diabetic medication, exercise program, or diet.

Beta-blocker medications (including metoprolol, propranolol, glaucoma eye drops such as timolol) may prevent the fast/pounding heartbeat you would usually feel when your blood sugar level falls too low (hypoglycemia).

Check the labels on all your medicines (such as cough-and-cold products) because they may contain ingredients that could affect your blood sugar. Ask your pharmacist about using those products safely.

Overdose

If overdose is suspected, contact a poison control center or emergency room immediately. Symptoms of overdose may include: shakiness, fast heartbeat, sweating, loss of consciousness.

Notes

Do not share this medication with others.

Attend a diabetes education program to learn more about diabetes and the important aspects of its treatment, including medications, diet, exercise, and getting regular eye/foot/medical exams.

Learn the symptoms of high and low blood sugar and how to treat low blood sugar. Check your blood sugar levels regularly as directed.

Keep all regular medical and laboratory appointments. Laboratory and/or medical tests (such as liver and kidney function tests, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, complete blood counts) should be performed periodically to monitor your progress or check for side effects.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your usual dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Storage

Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

 

Brands

Available Brands

Acotril [ Pharma Nutria ] Aforglim 2/Aforglim 3 [ Merck ]
Amara-4 [ Synmedic ] Arya [ GXI ]
Azulix [ Torrent ] Climeril [ Shin Poong ]
Diaglim [ Sandoz ] Getryl [ Getz Pharma ]
Glimarex [ Taiwan Biotech ] Glimed [ Multicare ]
Glimep [ Flamingo ] Glimesyn [ Bell-Kenz Pharma ]
Glimetrol [ Davi Pharm ] Gliperide [ Medhaus ]
Glipiren [ Korea United Pharma ] Glivarid [ ACME ]
Glucozen [ PrimeDrug ] Neoglim [ Pharma Dynamic ]
Norizec [ LR Imperial ] RiteMED Glimepiride [ RiteMED ]
Soladin [ MedChoice Pharma ] Solosa [ sanofi-aventis ]
Sulfast [ InnoGen Pharmaceuticals ] Winthrop Glimepiride [ Sanofi Pasteur ]

Also marketed as

Amara [ Corbridge ] Azutrol [ Sea PharmaOptions ]
Boie Glimepiride [ Boie ] Diaberid [ Korea Arlico Pharm ]
Diameride [ Intas ] Diamex [ Sam Chun Dang ]
Diapride [ Eurodrug ] Eopride [ Sai Mirra Innopharm ]
Geopride [ Geofman ] Glimaryl [ Hovid ]
Glimauno-2/Glimauno-3/Glimauno-4 [ Wockhardt ] Glimec [ Primera ]
Glycobate [ OEP Phils ] Glyper [ Maple ]
Imerid [ Hizon ] Mira [ Chira Pharma ]
NeoAcotril [ Pharma Nutria ] Perglim 2 [ Mega Lifesciences ]
Solodiab [ Medica Korea ] Stimulin/Stimulin Forte [ Qualigen ]
Syngly-4 [ Synmedic ]

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