DIAGNOSIS
Diagnosing chronic glomerulonephritis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests, including:
- Urinalysis: Urine testing to assess for the presence of protein, blood, or other abnormalities.
- Blood tests: Blood tests to measure kidney function, electrolyte levels, and markers of inflammation (such as C-reactive protein).
- Kidney imaging: Imaging tests such as ultrasound, CT scan, or MRI may be performed to assess the size, shape, and structure of the kidneys.
- Kidney biopsy: A kidney biopsy may be performed to obtain a tissue sample for microscopic examination, which can help determine the underlying cause and severity of glomerular damage.
TREATMENT
Treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis aims to slow the progression of kidney damage, manage symptoms, and prevent complications. Treatment options may include:
- Medications: Depending on the underlying cause and specific symptoms, medications such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), diuretics, or immunosuppressive agents may be prescribed.
- Blood pressure management: Controlling high blood pressure is crucial in managing chronic glomerulonephritis and reducing the risk of further kidney damage. Lifestyle modifications and antihypertensive medications may be recommended.
- Dietary modifications: Limiting sodium, protein, and phosphorus intake may help reduce fluid retention, proteinuria, and electrolyte imbalances associated with chronic kidney disease.
- Dialysis: In advanced stages of chronic glomerulonephritis, when kidney function is severely impaired, dialysis may be necessary to remove waste products and excess fluids from the blood.
- Kidney transplantation: For individuals with end-stage renal disease, kidney transplantation offers the best long-term outcome and quality of life.
