ANKYLOSIS

TYPES

TYPES
There are different types of ankylosis, categorized based on the underlying cause and location:

• Traumatic Ankylosis: Caused by injury or trauma to the joint, such as fractures or dislocations, leading to the fusion of bones during the healing process.
• Fibrous Ankylosis: Results from the formation of fibrous tissue between the bones within the joint, often due to prolonged inflammation or infection.
• Bony Ankylosis: Involves the formation of new bone tissue, leading to the fusion of bones. This type is commonly associated with conditions like ankylosing spondylitis, a form of inflammatory arthritis that primarily affects the spine.

SYMPTOMS

The symptoms of ankylosis can vary depending on the severity and location of the condition. Common signs and symptoms include:

• Stiffness and limited range of motion in the affected joint.
  Pain, which may range from mild discomfort to severe, depending on the underlying cause.
• Swelling and tenderness around the affected joint.
• Difficulty performing daily activities that require movement of the affected joint.
• Deformity or misalignment of the joint in advanced cases.

DIAGNOSIS

Diagnosing ankylosis typically involves a combination of medical history review, physical examination, and imaging tests. Your healthcare provider may:

• Ask about your symptoms, medical history, and any previous injuries or conditions.
• Perform a physical examination to assess the range of motion, swelling, and tenderness in the affected joint.
• Order imaging tests such as X-rays, CT scans, or MRI scans to visualize the extent of joint damage and bone fusion.

TREATMENT

The treatment approach for ankylosis depends on the underlying cause, severity of symptoms, and the patient’s overall health. Treatment options may include:

• Medications: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or corticosteroids may help reduce pain and inflammation associated with ankylosis.
• Physical Therapy: A structured physical therapy program can help improve joint flexibility, strengthen surrounding muscles, and maintain range of motion.
• Joint Mobilization: Manual therapy techniques performed by a trained physical therapist or chiropractor may help restore joint mobility.
• Surgery: In severe cases where conservative treatments are ineffective, surgical interventions such as joint manipulation, joint replacement, or osteotomy (surgical bone cutting) may be considered to improve joint function.