AKATHISIA

SYMPTOMS

Symptoms of Akathisia include:

• Inability to sit or stand still
• Pacing or constant movement
• Fidgeting or tapping feet
• Agitation or irritability
• A subjective feeling of inner tension or unease
• Anxiety or panic attacks

DIAGNOSIS

Diagnosing akathisia involves a thorough medical evaluation, including:

• Review of symptoms: A healthcare provider will inquire about the individual’s medical history, current medications, and symptoms of restlessness.
• Physical examination: A physical examination may be performed to rule out other potential causes of restlessness.
• Psychiatric assessment: A mental health evaluation may be conducted to assess for underlying psychiatric conditions or medication-induced side effects.
• Differential diagnosis: Akathisia may be distinguished from other movement disorders such as restless legs syndrome or anxiety disorders based on clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria.

TREATMENT

Management of akathisia focuses on addressing the underlying cause and alleviating symptoms. Treatment options may include:

• Adjusting medications: If akathisia is medication-induced, adjusting the dosage or switching to an alternative medication with a lower risk of causing akathisia may be beneficial.
• Medication interventions: Certain medications, such as beta-blockers, anticholinergics, or benzodiazepines, may be prescribed to help alleviate symptoms of restlessness and agitation.
• Psychotherapy: Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) or relaxation techniques may be helpful in managing anxiety and coping with the symptoms of akathisia.
• Supportive care: Providing a supportive environment, educating patients and their families about the condition, and offering reassurance can help alleviate distress associated with akathisia.