Xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) is a congenital disorder that causes excessive sun sensitivity, increasing the danger of skin cancer and other medical issues. Individuals with XP are vulnerable to the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays. Even a modest quantity of UV light causes severe blistering and sunburn, starting at a young age.
In addition, the increased susceptibility to UV radiation causes greater freckling and patches of lighter skin color. They could also have dehydrated skin. Skin cancers like basal cell and squamous cell skin cancer, as well as melanoma, are quite common.
Furthermore, patients with xeroderma pigmentosum often have ocular difficulties, particularly eyelids. Similar to their skin, their eyes are susceptible to light, which puts them at a higher risk of developing eye cancer. Cancers of the tip of the tongue, mouth and lips have also been documented. Patients with XP might also have neurological consequences, such as cognitive and developmental impairments and, in rare cases, central nervous system malignancies.
