WHIPPLE’S DISEASE

WHIPPLE’S DISEASE

Tropheryma whipplei is the bacterium that causes Whipple’s disease. This type of bacteria affects the digestive system of a person and can spread to the:

  • Heart
  • Eyes
  • Lungs
  • Joints
  • Brain
  • Skin

It is a rare kind of disease that has a life-threatening impact on those infected individuals.

It is widely believed that there is a genetic predisposition in those who developed this kind of disease. Foreign white men aged between 40 and 60 years old are more prone to this kind of condition than other age groups. The incidence rate for Whipple’s disease seems to be higher in places that lack freshwater and proper sanitation. Until now, there’s no known way to stop Whipple’s disease from spreading.

SYMPTOMS

Whipple’s disease blocks your body from absorbing the proper nutrients. As a result, it affects various parts of the body and is accompanied by a variety of symptoms. During advanced stages of the disease, the infection will spread from the intestines to other organs like the:

  • Heart
  • Lungs
  • Brain
  • Joints
  • Eyes

The following are common signs and symptoms of Whipple’s disease:

  • Severejoint pain
  • Chronic diarrheawith presence of blood
  • Sudden weight loss
  • Stomach painand bloating
  • Poor visionaccompanied by eye pain
  • Fever
  • Fatigue
  • Insufficient red blood cell count(Anemia)

The listed signs and symptoms below do not occur as often but can be an indication that the condition is getting worse:

  • Discolorationof the skin
  • Inflammationof the lymph nodes
  • A chronic cough
  • Chestpain
  • Swelling of the sac surrounding the heart(Pericarditis)
  • Heart failure
  • Heart murmur
  • Poor vision
  • Dementia
  • Numbness
  • Insomnia
  • The weakening of the muscles
  • Tics
  • Trouble walking
  • Poor memory

TYPES

Other common types of leg ulcer include:

  • Arterial leg ulcers
  • Diabetic leg ulcers
  • Malignant leg ulcers
  • Traumatic leg ulcers
  • Vasculitic leg ulcers

Ulcers in the foot are usually caused by diabetes.

 

SYMPTOMS

Itching, pain, and swelling in the affected leg are characteristic symptoms of a venous leg ulcer.

Discoloration, hardening of the skin around the ulcer, and presence of a foul-smelling discharge may also be present when you have a venous leg ulcer.

If you have a venous leg ulcer, you may exhibit the following conditions:

  • discoloration and darkening of the skin around the ulcer
  • swollen ankles
  • red, flaky, scaly and itchy skin on your legs
  • swollen and enlarged veins on your legs
  • hardened skin around the ulcer, which may make your leg feel hard
  • a heavy feeling in your legs
  • an unpleasant and foul-smelling discharge from the ulcer
  • aching or swelling in your legs

 

Signs of an infection

Opportunistic pathogens could cause secondary bacterial infections due to the ulcer. 

Symptoms of an infected leg ulcer may include:

  • a green or unpleasant discharge coming from the ulcer
  • fever
  • redness and swelling of the skin around the ulcer
  • worsening pain
  • an unpleasant smell coming from the ulcer

DIAGNOSIS

Diagnosing Whipple’s disease is very complicated and difficult, especially since the symptoms are the same as other more normal conditions that develop from celiac disease to neurological disorders. Your doctor will conduct the following tests below before diagnosing you with Whipple’s disease.

  • Endoscopy
  • Biopsy
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction
  • Blood Tests

TREATMENT

A myriad of antibiotics is normally prescribed as the first step in treatment.  It will be administered intravenously for two weeks. Furthermore, you will be given antibiotics to be taken orally for at least one to two years.

Other treatment options will include:

  • Ingesting proper amounts of fluids
  • Taking antimalarial medications for 12 to 18 months
  • Taking iron supplements to assist with anemia
  • Taking vitamin D, vitamin K, calcium, and magnesium supplements
  • Maintaining a high-calorie diet to help with nutrient absorption
  • Taking corticosteroids to help ease inflammation
  • Taking nonsteroidal pain medication, like ibuprofen

Whipple’s disease is a common bacterial infection that can worsen over some time. Death could follow if it is not treated properly.

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