Phosphate diabetes is a rare condition where the kidney tubules fail to reabsorb phosphate, resulting in the secretion of excess phosphate in the urine.
In Type 1 diabetes, pancreatic beta-cell destruction or a defect in beta-cell functioning results in the failure to free up insulin and ineffective glucose transport. Type 1 immune-mediated diabetes is caused by the cell-mediated destruction of pancreatic beta cells. The rate of beta-cell destruction is commonly greater in children than in adults.
The idiopathic form of Type 1 diabetes has no recognized cause. Sufferers with this type do not have any evidence of autoimmunity and don’t produce insulin. In type 2 diabetes, beta cells secrete insulin, however, receptors are insulin-resistant and glucose transport is variable and ineffective.
The risk factors for phosphate Type 2 diabetes include:
- Obesity
- Lack of physical activity
- Medical history of gestational diabetes mellitus
- Hypertension
- Black, Hispanic, Pacific Islander, Asian American, Native American race
- Strong family history of diabetes
- Age older than 45 years old
- High -density lipoprotein lower than 35 or triglyceride levels higher than 250
- Impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)
