OCULOMOTOR APRAXIA, COGAN TYPE

Oculomotor apraxia, or COMA, is a condition distinguished wherein side-to-side or horizontal eye movements are impaired. As a result, most individuals with this condition must tilt their heads to follow things in side-gaze. However, up-to-down (vertical) eye motions are usually not affected.

Furthermore, symptoms generally improve between infancy and adolescence. Moderate developmental delays and speech problems have also been linked to Oculomotor apraxia or COMA. Kidney problems and lack of development of the portion of the cerebellum that divides the right and left hemispheres of the brain are also common in people with COMA. If other symptoms appear, COMA might be a sign of a more serious condition, like Joubert syndrome or nephronophthisis.

The exact etiology of COMA or is unknown in many cases. Experts, on the other hand, think that it is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern. The goal of treatment for this illness is to manage each person’s indications and symptoms.

SYMPTOMS

A deficiency in side-to-side eye movements characterizes Cogan type ocular motor apraxia, an uncommon congenital disease. In reaction to voluntary stimuli, the eyes are not moving adequately.

When babies with this condition are instructed to focus on a side subject, their eyes lag and then travel in the opposite way. To adjust for this, babies may jolt their heads past the targeted subject in an attempt to move their eyes into a posture where they can see it. Their head may also return to its usual posture after the eyes have fixed on the item.

The most apparent indication of this disorder is jerking head movements, which appear 3 to 4 months from birth. Also, the failure of a newborn to concentrate on an item before these head jerks occur is frequently misinterpreted for blindness.

DIAGNOSIS

The jerking-head motions that a newborn will do to observe an item to the side can be used to diagnose COMA. A comprehensive eye examination by a trained doctor is recommended for infants who show jerking head movements and difficulty concentrating on an item.

To detect if any related brain abnormalities are involved, a CT scan, MRI, or Positron Emission Tomography can be performed.

TREATMENT

There is currently no cure for COMA. The focus in this study is on symptom management. A nephrologist, an ophthalmologist or doctor of the eye, a neurologist, and a geneticist may be engaged in the care of someone with COMA.

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