NEOMYCIN

COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Mycifradin

GENERIC NAME(S): NEOMYCIN SULFATE

 

Description: Neomycin interferes w/ bacterial protein synthesis by binding to 30S ribosomal subunits thereby inhibiting bacterial growth

Pharmacokinetics:

Absorption: Poorly absorbed from the GI tract. Time to peak plasma concentration: 1-4 hr (oral).

Distribution: Low concentrations in intestinal wall and muscles. Volume of distribution: 0.36 L/kg. Plasma protein binding: ≤30%.

Metabolism: Undergoes minimal hepatic metabolism.

Excretion: Via faeces (approx 97% of an oral dose, as unchanged drug); via urine (30-50% of absorbed drug, unchanged). Plasma half-life: 2-3 hr.

  • Used for
    • The decrease the risk of infection after certain intestinal surgeries

 

  • Belongs to a class of drugs known as aminoglycoside antibiotics

 

  • May also be used along with a special diet to treat a certain serious brain problem (hepatic encephalopathy).

 

How to use neomycin

  • Always refer to your doctors instructions before taking this medication. Duration and dosage will be determined by your medical condition and its response to the medication. Make sure to take this mediciation in the prescribed amount and time period even after symptoms disappear. Discontinuing the medication before completion of treatment may cause incomplete treatment of condition. If Symptoms persist, consult your doctor

 

  • Usually taken for 3 or 4 doses the day before surgery, or as directed by your doctor

For treating hepatic encephalopathy, this medication is usually taken four times a day for 5 to 6 days, or as directed by your doctor.

    • Can rarely cause serious kidney problems and nerve damage, resulting in permanent hearing loss (including deafness or decreased hearing) and balance problems.
    • Promptly inform your physician if you notice ringing/roaring sounds in the ears, hearing loss, dizziness, or an unusual decrease in the amount of your urine.

    Severe muscle and breathing problems may also rarely occur.

      • Minor side effects (if these symptoms persist or worsen, inform your doctor)
        • Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea

       

      • Serious side effects (inform your doctor immediately)
        • difficulty walking, numbness/tingling, muscle twitching or weakness, seizure.

       

      • Severe allergic reactions are rare. Get immediate medical help if you notice the following:

      Rash, itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat), severe dizziness, trouble breathing

      • Precautions:
        • Inform your doctor
          • Allergy to the medication or to other aminoglycoside antibiotics (such as tobramycin) or any allergies
          • Medical History of hearing problems (including deafness, decreased hearing), intestinal problems (including blockage, swelling, ulcers), kidney problems, myasthenia gravis, Parkinson’s disease.

         

        • High doses or prolonged use of neomycin may cause your body to not properly absorb some foods, nutrients (such as iron, Vitamins A and B-12), and drugs (such as digoxin, warfarin). Consult your physician for more details.

         

        • Newborn and premature babies may be more sensitive to the side effects of this drug, especially hearing problems.

         

        • Not recommended for use during pregnancy as it may harm an unborn baby. If you are planning to be pregnant or think you may be pregnant, discuss the risks and benefits of use with your doctor.

         

        • It is uknown if this drug passes into breast milk. Before breast-feeding, consult your physician.

         

        Interactions:

         

        Taking multiple drugs may affect how medications work and/or cause unwanted side effects. List down all the medications you are taking and inform your physician and pharmacist. Do not take, discontinue, or alter any dose of medications without prior approval of your physician.

         

        • Products that may interact with this medication include:
          • Other medications that may affect the kidneys or hearing may increase the risk of kidney damage or hearing loss if taken with neomycin

        amikacin, tobramycin, amphotericin B, cidofovir, cisplatin, polymyxin B, cephalosporins such as cephaloridine, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen

      • Overdose: If overdose is suspected, contact a poison control center or emergency room immediately.

         

        Missed Dose

        If you are taking this drug before a scheduled surgery to prevent infection and you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, continue taking your dosing schedule as directed and contact your doctor immediately to establish a new dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.

         

        If you are taking this drug to treat hepatic encephalopathy and you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your usual dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.

         

        Storage

        • Room temperature between 68-77 degrees F (20-25 degrees C)
        • Do not expose to light and moisture
        • Do not store in the bathroom
        • Keep all medications away from pets and children

         

         

        Brands:

         

        Available Brands:

        Mycifradin

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