MONKEYPOX

Overview and Facts

Monkeypox is a rare condition caused by the monkeypox virus that can transpire in specific animals and humans. The symptoms of this condition usually start with headache, fever, swollen lymph nodes, and muscle pains. This is accompanied by a rash that forms crusts or blisters.

Additionally, the onset of the monkeypox symptom starts ten days from the time of exposure. The length of symptoms is generally two to five weeks. 

Monkeypox might be spread out from an animal scratch or bite, infected objects, close contact with an infected individual, or touching bushmeat. 

The diagnosis could be confirmed by examining a lesion for a DNA virus. Besides, this condition seems similar to chickenpox. 

Currently, monkeypox has no cure. However, some medications and vaccines can help manage the condition, including the smallpox vaccine.

Types and Symptoms

SYMPTOMS

The most common symptoms of monkeypox are:

Around 2 to 4 days after the fever emerges, a rash with pustules and papules oftentimes develops on the chest and face. However, other body parts might be affected too, such as mucus membranes inside the mouth and nose.  

The mucus membrane and skin lesions could crust over, ulcerate, and then cure in around 14 to 2 days. Additionally, lymph nodes normally swell and inflame during this time.

Diagnosis & Medications

DIAGNOSIS

To diagnose monkeypox, your doctor will ask you about your symptoms and if you have any contact with infected animals or people. Then, he/she will do a physical examination. 

If your doctor thinks you have the symptoms of monkeypox, he/she will request the available tests, including :

  • Electron microscopy
  • PCR or polymerase chain reaction
  • Immunohistochemistry 

TREATMENT

The treatment for monkeypox depends on the severity of your condition. Your doctor may treat you using the following treatment:

  • Cidofovir. This antiviral drug is used to cure life-threatening and severe symptoms. 
  • Smallpox vaccination. This vaccine must be provided within two weeks of exposure.
  • Vaccinia immune globulin. This may be applied to treat monkeypox, yet the efficacy of use has not been reported.

For severe cases, supportive procedures like mechanical ventilation might rarely be required. Discussing it with an infectious disease doctor is recommended. 

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