HYDROCORTISONE

COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Cortef

GENERIC NAME(S): HYDROCORTISONE

 

Description: Hydrocortisone is a corticosteroid used for its anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects. It may also be used as replacement therapy in adrenocortical insufficiency.
Pharmacokinetics: 
Absorption: Readily absorbed from the GI tract (oral); sodium phosphate and sodium succinate esters are rapidly absorbed but the free alcohol and its lipid soluble ester are slowly absorbed (IM); Acetate is slowly absorbed (intra-articular inj); absorbed from the skin (denuded areas).
Distribution: Crosses the placenta. Protein-binding: >90%.
Metabolism: Hepatic (metabolised to hydrogenated and degraded forms).
Excretion: Via urine (as conjugates and glucuronide, with small portion as unchanged drug).

Hydrocortisone is a natural substance (corticosteroid hormone) made by the adrenal gland used to treat conditions such as arthritis, blood/hormone/immune system disorders, skin and eye conditions, breathing problems, cancer, and severe allergies. It is also used to treat low hydrocortisone levels caused by diseases of the adrenal gland (such as Addison’s disease, adrenocortical insufficiency). They are important for salt and water balance and keeping blood pressure normal.

 

How to use hydrocortisone

Take this medication by mouth, with food or milk to prevent stomach upset, exactly as directed by your doctor. Take this medication with a full glass of water (8 ounces/240 milliliters) unless your doctor directs you otherwise.

 

Follow the dosing schedule carefully. The dosage and length of treatment are based on your medical condition and response to treatment. Your doctor may direct you to take hydrocortisone 1 to 4 times a day or take a single dose every other day. It may help to mark your calendar with reminders or use a pill box.

 

Do not stop taking this medication without consulting your doctor. Some conditions may become worse when this drug is suddenly stopped. Your dose may need to be gradually decreased.

 

If you have used hydrocortisone regularly for a long time or in high doses, you may have withdrawal symptoms if the drug is suddenly stopped. To prevent withdrawal symptoms (such as weakness, weight loss, nausea, muscle pain, headache, tiredness, dizziness), your doctor may reduce your dose gradually. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more details, and report any withdrawal reactions immediately. See also Precautions section.

 

Tell your doctor if your condition persists or worsens.

Tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly if any of these effects persist or worsen:

 

  • Nausea
  • Heartburn
  • Headache
  • Dizziness
  • menstrual period changes
  • trouble sleeping
  • increased sweating
  • acne

 

 

You may get a serious infection or worsen any active infections since this drug lowers your ability to fight infections. Use of this medication for prolonged or repeated periods may result in oral thrush or a yeast infection. Tell your doctor immediately if you have any signs of infection (such as cough, sore throat, fever, chills).

 

This medication may infrequently make your blood sugar level rise. Tell your doctor immediately if you develop symptoms of high blood sugar such as increased thirst and urination. If you already have diabetes, be sure to check your blood sugars regularly.

 

Tell your doctor immediately if any of these unlikely but serious side effects occur:

 

  • unusual tiredness
  • swelling ankles/feet
  • unusual weight gain
  • vision problems
  • easy bruising/bleeding
  • puffy face
  • unusual hair growth
  • mental/mood changes (such as depression, mood swings, agitation)
  • muscle weakness/pain
  • thinning skin
  • slow wound healing
  • bone pain

 

 

This drug may infrequently cause serious (rarely fatal) bleeding from the stomach or intestines. If you notice any of the following unlikely but serious side effects, consult your doctor immediately:

 

  • black/bloody stools
  • vomit that looks like coffee grounds
  • persistent stomach/abdominal pain

 

 

Seek immediate medical attention if any of these rare but serious side effects occur: chest pain, seizures.

 

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare. However, seek immediate medical attention if you notice any symptoms of a serious allergic reaction:

  • rash
  • itching/swelling (especially of the face/tongue/throat)
  • severe dizziness
  • trouble breathing

 

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Before taking hydrocortisone, tell your doctor or pharmacist if you are allergic to it; or if you have any other allergies.

 

Before using this medication, tell your doctor or pharmacist your medical history, especially of:

 

  • eye disease (such as cataracts, glaucoma)
  • heart problems (such as heart failure, recent heart attack)
  • high blood pressure
  • liver disease
  • kidney disease
  • thyroid problems
  • diabetes
  • stomach/intestinal problems (such as diverticulitis, ulcer)
  • brittle bones (osteoporosis)
  • current/past infections (such as tuberculosis, positive tuberculosis test, herpes, fungal)
  • bleeding problems
  • blood clots
  • mental/mood conditions (such as psychosis, anxiety, depression)
  • low salts in the blood (such as low potassium or calcium)
  • seizures

 

 

This drug may makes you dizzy. This medicine may also cause stomach bleeding. Daily use of alcohol while using this medicine may increase your risk for stomach bleeding. Limit alcoholic beverages. Consult your doctor or pharmacist for more information.

 

Before having surgery, tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products).

 

Using corticosteroid medications for a long time can make it more difficult for your body to respond to physical stress. Therefore, before having surgery or emergency treatment, or if you get a serious illness/injury, tell your doctor or dentist that you are using this medication or have used this medication within the past 12 months. Tell your doctor immediately if you develop unusual/extreme tiredness or weight loss. If you will be using this medication for a long time, carry a warning card or medical ID bracelet that identifies your use of this medication.

 

This medication may mask signs of infection. It can make you more likely to get infections or may worsen any current infections. Therefore, wash your hands well to prevent the spread of infection. Avoid contact with people who have infections that may spread to others (such as chickenpox, measles, flu). Consult your doctor if you have been exposed to an infection or for more details.

 

Hydrocortisone may cause vaccines not to work as well. Avoid contact with people who have recently received live vaccines (such as flu vaccine inhaled through the nose).

 

This medication may slow down a child’s growth if used for a long time. Consult the doctor or pharmacist for more details. See the doctor regularly so your child’s height and growth can be checked.

 

Older adults may be more sensitive to the effects of this drug, especially stomach bleeding.

 

During pregnancy, hydrocortisone should be used only when clearly needed. Discuss the risks and benefits with your doctor. Infants born to mothers who have been using this medication for an extended period of time may have hormone problems. Tell your doctor immediately if you notice symptoms such as persistent nausea/vomiting, severe diarrhea, or weakness in your newborn.

 

This medication passes into breast milk. However, this drug is unlikely to harm a nursing infant. Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

 

Interactions

 

To help your doctor and pharmacist give you the best care, be sure to tell your doctor and pharmacist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products) before starting treatment with this product. While using this product, do not start, stop, or change the dosage of any other medicines you are using without your doctor’s approval.

 

Some products that may interact with this drug include:

 

  • aldesleukin
  • other drugs that weaken the immune system (such as azathioprine, cyclosporine, cancer chemotherapy)
  • mifepristone
  • drugs that can cause bleeding/bruising (including antiplatelet drugs such as clopidogrel
  • “blood thinners” such as dabigatran/warfarin
  • NSAIDs such as aspirin/celecoxib/ibuprofen)

 

 

Other medications can affect the removal of hydrocortisone from your body, which may affect how hydrocortisone works. Examples include estrogens, azole antifungals (such as itraconazole), rifamycins (such as rifabutin), St. John’s wort, drugs used to treat seizures (such as carbamazepine, phenytoin), among others.

 

If your doctor has directed you to take low-dose aspirin for heart attack or stroke prevention (usually at dosages of 81-325 milligrams a day), you should continue taking it unless your doctor instructs you otherwise. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details.

 

This product may interfere with certain lab tests (such as skin tests). Make sure laboratory personnel and all your doctors know you use this drug.

 

This document does not contain all possible interactions. Therefore, before using this product, tell your doctor or pharmacist of all the products you use. Keep a list of all your medications with you, and share the list with your doctor and pharmacist.

If overdose is suspected, contact a poison control center or emergency room immediately.

 

Notes

Do not share this medication with others.

 

If this medication is used for an extended time, laboratory and/or medical tests (such as blood sugar/mineral levels, blood counts, blood pressure, bone density tests, eye exams, height/weight measurements, X-rays) should be performed regularly to check for side effects. Consult your doctor for more details.

 

This medication may cause bone problems (osteoporosis). Lifestyle changes that may help reduce the risk of bone problems while taking this drug for an extended time include doing weight-bearing exercise, getting enough calcium and vitamin D, stopping smoking, and limiting alcohol. Discuss with your doctor lifestyle changes that might benefit you.

 

Missed Dose

If you are taking this medication once daily and miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your usual dosing schedule. If you are taking this medication every other day, ask your doctor or pharmacist what you should do if you miss a dose.

 

Storage

Store the US product at room temperature between 68-77 degrees F (20-25 degrees C) away from light and moisture.

 

Store the Canadian product at room temperature between 59-86 degrees F (15-30 degrees C) away from light and moisture.

 

Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medicines away from children and pets.

 

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company for more details about how to safely discard your product.

 

Brands

 

Available Brands

Biocort [ Biolink Pharma ] Corbal [ Umedica ]
Cortin [ Flamingo ] Cortin 20 [ Swiss Pharma ]
Cortizan [ Innoderm ] Cortizol [ Tianjin Biochemical ]
Eczacort [ Pediatrica ] Hovicor [ Hovid ]
Hycortil [ Rotexmedica GmbH ] Hydrotopic [ Vendiz ]
Hydrotopic Cream [ Vendiz ] Hydrovex [ Yanzhou Xier Kangtai ]
Hydrozone [ Shanxi Federal Pharma ] Pharmacort [ PharmAsia-Cuvest ]
Solu-Cortef [ Pfizer ] Stericort [ Karnataka ]

 

Also marketed as

Clovisone [ Ashford ] Cortis 100 [ Troikaa Pharma ]
Costeron-H [ Vysali ] Cylocortix [ Umedica ]
Docor 100/Docor 250 [ Syncom ] Droxiderm [ YSP ]
Efficort [ Galderma ] Hycort [ Umedica ]
Hyzonate [ Amson ] Lacticare-HC [ Stiefel ]
Ocecor [ Syncom ] Pharex Hydrocortisone 0.1% Cream [ PPC ]
Phil Pharmawealth/Karnataka Hydrocortisone [ Karnataka ] Phil Pharmawealth/Samarth Hydrocortisone [ Samarth ]
Primacort [ Sel-J Pharma ] Sorvilor [ Deutsche Lab ]
Syntesor [ EuroHealth Care ] Verdicort [ Vhermann Pharma ]
Vitasone [ Pan-Ject Pharma ]

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