HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA

HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a type of cancer that begins in the liver. It’s not the same as “secondary” liver carcinoma, which will have to spread from other organs to the liver.

It can sometimes be treated with a transplant or surgery if discovered early. Although it cannot be treated in more serious cases, support and treatment can help you live better and longer.

Doctors aren’t sure what causes all occurrences of hepatocellular carcinoma.  However, they know that hepatitis B and C, cirrhosis, obesity, diabetes, and frequent drinking are all risk factors.

SYMPTOMS

When hepatocellular carcinoma is still in its early phases, you may not notice any symptoms. However, you may get one or more of the following symptoms as cancer progresses:

  • A lump or a feeling of fullness in your upper abdomen;
  • Stomach aches in the upper right corner;
  • Bloated or swollen stomach;
  • Appetite loss and feelings of heaviness;
  • Loss of weight;
  • Weakness or extreme exhaustion;
  • Vomiting and nausea;
  • Fever;
  • Dark urine with pale, chalky bowel motions; and 
  • Skin and eyes that are yellow.

DIAGNOSIS

To diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma, your doctor will do a physical examination, review your medical history, and ask you the following questions:

  • Have you had any stomach discomfort and pain?
  • Do you feel tired or weak?
  • Have you lost your appetite?
  • Have you lost some weight?

Your doctor may order the following tests to diagnose hepatocellular carcinoma effectively:

  • Blood tests to evaluate liver function;
  • CT and MRI scans to provide detailed results of your liver’s condition; and
  • In some instances, a liver biopsy is performed to obtain a sample of liver tissue for lab testing.

TREATMENT

The best and ideal treatment for you will be based on the location and size of your hepatocellular carcinoma, the condition of your liver, and your general wellbeing.

Some of the common treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma are:

  • Liver transplant surgery
  • Surgery to take off some part of your affected liver 
  • Radiation or chemotherapy
  • Targeted drug therapy
  • Immunotherapy
  • Destroying the cancer cells with cold or heat

Apart from these, there are several things you can try to minimize side effects and keep healthy while you’re undergoing treatment. Also, while chemotherapy might cause stomach discomfort, you may try modifying some of your dietary habits.

Furthermore, if you’re worried or stressed about your therapy, meditation, and deep breathing exercises can help you feel better. 

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