DISLOCATED ANKLE

TYPES

There are four types of the dislocated ankle, which are named after the direction of the dislocation.

• Posterior. The most common ankle dislocation wherein the talus moves posterior (backward) about the tibia results from a sudden force. The ankle is either forced inverted (inward from the outside) or everted (outward from the inside).
• Anterior. An ankle dislocation wherein the talus moves anterior (forward) about the tibia due to a sudden force. It also pushes the tibia backward.
• Lateral. An ankle dislocation wherein the ankle is twisted, inverted or everted. 
• Superior. An ankle dislocation that is commonly caused by falls that pushes the talus upward. The talus is jammed between the space of the tibia and the fibula.

SYMPTOMS

Below are the symptoms if a person is suspected of having a dislocated ankle:

• Ankle pain, which may be intense
• Swelling
• Bruising
• Redness
• Stiffness
• Weakness
• Numbness
• Instability
• Burning pain
• Inability to walk, run, or even stand due to inability to bear the bodyweight
• The ankle looks deformed
• The foot may appear pale and go blue due to a lack of blood flow

DIAGNOSIS

To diagnose a dislocated ankle, the doctor will first review the history of accidents and activities that might have contributed to the ankle’s injury. The doctor will then conduct a physical examination to assess pain, check for deformities, and check if the blood flow is affected.

Imaging tests will also be done on the affected ankle and the areas near it to assess if there are other parts affected. Usually, an X-ray may be enough. However, depending on the extent of the injuries, several X-ray tests may be conducted and other imaging tests, such as CT scan and MRI, to obtain detailed images of the joints, tendons, and ligaments.

TREATMENT

The goal of treating a dislocated ankle is to move back the ankle into its natural position. Surgery is often necessary to treat a dislocated ankle. The surgical procedure is done by fixing the fractured bones using screws and plates. But it still depends on the severity of the condition. For cases that are not severe and can be treated without surgery, usually slight tractions and medications for pain, sedation, and relaxation of muscles will be made and given by the doctor.

The recovery from a dislocated ankle varies depending on the severity of the injury, but it is averaged at 6 to 12 weeks. During or after the recovery, the patient will use crutches and undergo rehabilitation plans such as physiotherapy.

There are also cases where a dislocated ankle may be treated at home. This is through the RICE method. This method is about resting, applying ice, using compression, and elevation. It is considered to be the best home treatment for a dislocated ankle. However, it is still wise to consult first with a doctor to determine the severity of the injury and find out if the RICE method can get the job done.