CHLORPROPAMIDE

COMMON BRAND NAME(S): Diabinese

GENERIC NAME(S): CHLORPROPAMIDE
Description: Chlorpropamide stimulates the secretion of endogenous insulin from β-cells of the pancreas. It also exhibits antidiuretic activity by enhancing vasopressin in the renal tubules.

Onset: 1 hr.

Duration: 24 hr.

Pharmacokinetics:

Absorption: Readily absorbed from the GI tract. Time to peak plasma concentration: W/in 2-4 hr.

Distribution: It crosses the placenta and enters breast milk. Volume of distribution: 0.13-0.23 L/kg. Plasma protein binding: 90%.

Metabolism: Undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism (approx 80%) primarily by CYP2C9 isoenzyme.

Excretion: Via urine as metabolites and unchanged drug. Half-life: Approx 35 hr.

Chlorpropamide, a sulfonylurea, with a proper diet and exercise program controls high blood sugar in people with type 2 diabetes by causing the release of your body’s natural insulin.

How to use chlorpropamide

Take this medication by mouth with breakfast as directed by your doctor, usually once daily. The dosage is based on your medical condition and response to treatment.

If this medication causes stomach upset, discuss with your doctor if it may be helpful to divide your daily dose into smaller doses to be taken several times a day. Follow your doctor’s instructions carefully.

To reduce your risk of side effects, your doctor may direct you to start this medication at a low dose and gradually increase your dose. Follow your doctor’s instructions carefully.

Use this medication regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time each day.

Tell your doctor if your condition does not improve or if it worsens (your blood sugar levels are too high or too low).

Tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly if any of these effects persist or worsen:

  • Nausea
  • loss of appetite
  • diarrhea
  • vomiting
  • weight gain

Tell your doctor right away if you have any serious side effects, including:

  • skin changes (such as darkening, thickening)
  • unusual fatigue
  • fast/pounding heartbeat
  • easy bruising/bleeding
  • mental/mood changes
  • sudden weight gain
  • swelling of the hands/feet
  • muscle weakness/spasm
  • painful bowel movements
  • bloody/ black stools
  • yellowing eyes/skin
  • persistent nausea/vomiting
  • severe stomach/abdominal pain
  • dark urine
  • signs of infection (such as fever, persistent sore throat)
  • seizures

This medication can cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia).

This medication may make you more sensitive to the sun.

Tell your doctor immediately if symptoms of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) include:

  • Thirst
  • increased urination
  • confusion
  • drowsiness
  • flushing
  • rapid breathing
  • fruity breath odor

A very serious allergic reaction to this drug is rare.

This is not a complete list of possible side effects. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.

Precautions

Consult your doctor regarding these precautions:

  • Allergic reaction to this medication.
  • Patients with medical history of:
  1. kidney disease
  2. liver disease
  3. thyroid problems
  4. poor diet
  5. irregular eating patterns
  6. certain hormonal conditions (adrenal/pituitary insufficiency, syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone-SIADH)
  7. electrolyte imbalance (low sodium blood level)
  • Do not drive, use machinery, or do any activity that requires alertness or clear vision until you are sure you can perform such activities safely.
  • Limit alcohol while taking this medication.
  • Harder to control your blood sugar when your body is stressed (such as due to fever, infection, injury, or surgery).
  • Avoid prolonged sun exposure, tanning booths, and sunlamps. Use a sunscreen and wear protective clothing when outdoors.
  • Tell your doctor or dentist about all the products you use (including prescription drugs, nonprescription drugs, and herbal products) before having surgery.
  • Older adults may be more sensitive to low blood sugar and fluid/electrolyte imbalance.
  • Used only when clearly needed during pregnancy.
  • Consult your doctor before breast-feeding.

 

Interactions

Drug interactions may change how your medications work or increase your risk for serious side effects. This document does not contain all possible drug interactions.

Many drugs can affect your blood sugar levels, making it more difficult to control your blood sugar. Before you start, stop, or change any medication, talk with your doctor or pharmacist about how the medication may affect your blood sugar.

Beta-blocker medications (including metoprolol, propranolol, glaucoma eye drops such as timolol) may prevent the fast/pounding heartbeat you would usually feel when your blood sugar level falls too low (hypoglycemia).

Check the labels on all your medicines (such as cough-and-cold products) because they may contain ingredients that could affect your blood sugar.

Overdose

If overdose is suspected, contact a poison control center or emergency room immediately. Symptoms of overdose may include seizures.

Notes

Do not share this medication with others.

Attend a diabetes education program to learn more about diabetes and the important aspects of its treatment, including medications, diet, exercise, and getting regular eye/foot/medical exams.

Learn the symptoms of high and low blood sugar and how to treat low blood sugar. Check your blood sugar levels regularly as directed.

Keep all regular medical and laboratory appointments. Laboratory and/or medical tests (such as liver and kidney function tests, fasting blood glucose, hemoglobin A1c, complete blood counts) should be performed periodically to monitor your progress or check for side effects.

Missed Dose

If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it is near the time of the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your usual dosing schedule. Do not double the dose to catch up.

Storage

Store at room temperature away from light and moisture. Do not store in the bathroom. Keep all medications away from children and pets.

Do not flush medications down the toilet or pour them into a drain unless instructed to do so. Properly discard this product when it is expired or no longer needed. Consult your pharmacist or local waste disposal company.

 

Brands:
There are no brands containing this molecule.

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