ARTHROPLASTY

ARTHROPLASTY

Arthroplasty is an orthopedic surgical procedure in which osteotomy or some other method removes, remodels, or realigns the articular surface of a musculoskeletal joint. It is an elective treatment that is performed due to trauma from arthritis or some other form of injuries to relieve discomfort and restore function to the joint. 

It will be a long process to prepare for surgery, to have surgery, and to heal, but arthroplasty will mean less discomfort, more strength, and the ability to engage in your life.

Hips and knees may not be the only joints in which the arthroplasties are conducted by surgeons. Any joint in the body, including the knees, elbows, and ankles, can be healed or replaced by arthroplasty. 

TYPES

  • Joint Replacement. The surgical reconstruction of an arthritic, damaged, or rotting joint surface with a prosthesis has been the most effective and common type of arthroplasty for the last 45 years. The goal of this treatment is to relieve discomfort, regain the freedom of movement and increase the ability to walk, thus enhancing muscle strength.
  • Interpositional arthroplasty. A popular form of arthroplasty that involves the interposition of tissues like skin, tendon, or muscle to keep inflammatory surfaces apart.
  • Excisional or resection(al) arthroplasty. A surgery in which the joint surface and bone are extracted and then the remaining ends are connected or left to provide time for scar tissue to attach or fill up the gap.
  • Resurfacing arthroplasty. A surgery performed by trimming or replacing one or both bone surfaces with a smooth metal covering.
  • Mold arthroplasty. A surgery that uses a hollow hemisphere or cup that could fit between the femoral head to create a new contact surface in the joint prompting a synovial/cartilage-like layer of engineered tissue.
  • Silicone replacement arthroplasty. An orthopedic operation that implants silicone-built prosthetic joints to repair weakened or damaged joints by arthritis, avascular necrosis, trauma; silicone is often used in some operations as spacers-e.g. Keller’s bunionectomy. Local complications: Breakage/breakdown, dendritic synovitis or osteolysis, inflammation, anchoring bone joint loosening, multinucleated giant cell reaction, erosion through soft tissues and skin systemic complications.
  • Osteotomy. A surgical operation where a bone is cut to shorten or lengthen to change its alignment that modifies or restores joint congruity.

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