AGNOGENIC MYELOID METAPLASIA (AMM)

Overview and Facts

Agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM) is a rare kind of bone marrow cancer that interferes with the body’s natural blood cell synthesis. Myelofibrosis produces substantial scarring in the bone marrow, leading to severe anemia and lethargy. Scarring of the bone marrow can also result in a low quantity of platelets, which raises the risk of bleeding. 

It is also classed as chronic leukemia. Myelofibrosis is a form of the myeloproliferative disorder, which is a term that refers to a group of disorders. It can originate from another bone marrow condition or occur on its own (secondary myelofibrosis).

Some persons with myelofibrosis have no symptoms and might not require immediate therapy. Others who have more severe cases may require immediate treatment. Myelofibrosis treatment might include a range of methods for symptom relief.

Types and Symptoms

SYMPTOMS

Myelofibrosis is a slow-progressing disease. Most people may not show any symptoms when the disease is in its early stages. 

Signs and symptoms of a disruption in normal blood cell formation include:

  • Fever
  • Easy bruising
  • Easy bleeding
  • Bone pain
  • Night sweats

If you have any recurring signs and symptoms that concern you, schedule an appointment with your doctor.

Diagnosis & Medications

DIAGNOSIS

The following tests and procedures are used to diagnose agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM):

  • Physical examination. Your doctor will perform a physical examination. This includes a physical examination of your vital signs, such as your pulse and blood pressure.
  • Blood tests. A complete blood count in persons with myelofibrosis usually displays abnormally low amounts of red blood cells, indicating anemia.
  • Imaging examinations. X-rays and MRI may be performed to learn more about your myelofibrosis.
  • Bone marrow tests. A bone marrow biopsy and aspiration can confirm myelofibrosis.
  • Checking cancer cells for gene mutations. Doctors will test your blood or bone marrow cells for gene abnormalities, including JAK2, CALR, and MPL, in a lab.

TREATMENT

For most persons with agnogenic myeloid metaplasia (AMM), treatment aims to alleviate the disease’s signs and symptoms. A bone marrow transplant may offer a possibility for recovery for some patients, but this treatment is extremely difficult on the body and may not be a choice for many others.

People with low-risk myelofibrosis may not need therapy right away, whereas those with high-risk myelofibrosis may need to consider severe treatments, including bone marrow transplantation. Finally, treatment for intermediate-risk myelofibrosis is mainly focused on symptom management.

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